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Bohemia ((チェコ語:Čechy);〔There is no distinction in the Czech language between adjectives referring to Bohemia and to the Czech Republic; i.e. ''český'' means both ''Bohemian'' and ''Czech''.〕 ; (ポーランド語:Czechy); ; (ラテン語:Bohemia)) is a region in the Czech Republic. In a broader meaning, it often refers to the entire Czech territory, including Moravia and Czech Silesia,〔The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001–05〕 especially in historical contexts: the lands of the Bohemian Crown. Bohemia was a kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire and subsequently a province in the Habsburgs’ Austrian Empire. It was bounded on the south by Upper and Lower Austria, on the west by Bavaria, on the north by Saxony and Lusatia, on the northeast by Silesia, and on the east by Moravia. From 1918 to 1939 and from 1945 to 1992 it was part of Czechoslovakia; and, since 1993, it has formed much of the Czech Republic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/71528/Bohemia )〕 Bohemia has an area of and today is home to approximately 6 million of the Czech Republic's 10.3 million inhabitants. It is bordered by Germany to the west and northwest, Poland to the northeast, the historical region of Moravia to the east, and Austria to the south. Bohemia's borders are marked with mountain ranges such as the Bohemian Forest, the Ore Mountains, and the Krkonoše, the highest in the Sudeten mountain range. == Etymology == In the 2nd century BC, the Romans were competing for dominance in northern Italy, with various peoples including the Boii. The Romans defeated the Boii at the Battle of Placentia (194 BC) and the Battle of Mutina (193 BC). After this, many of the Boii retreated north across the Alps.〔Collis, John. ''The Celts: Origins, Myth and Inventions''. Tempus Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-7524-2913-2〕 Much later Roman authors refer to the area they had once occupied as ''Boiohaemum'', the earliest mention〔 being in Tacitus' ''Germania'' 28 (written at the end of the 1st century AD). The name appears to include the tribal name ''Boi-'' plus the Germanic element *''haimaz'' "home" (whence Gothic ''haims'', German ''Heim'', English ''home''). This Boiohaemum included parts of southern Bohemia as well as parts of Bavaria (whose name also seems to derive from the tribal name Boii) and Austria. The Czech name "Čechy" is derived from the name of the Slavic tribe of Czechs who settled in the area during the 6th or 7th century AD. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bohemia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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